Language Trainers Blog

Source: justpushstart.com

The long-awaited sequel to the 2006 kill-fest Dead Rising – a video game where the player takes on the role of a lone man trapped in a shopping mall overrun by zombies – has been pushed back by a month, with the developers Capcom citing the demo version’s “inappropriate language” as the main reason for the delay.

Since Dead Rising 2: Case Zero has already been rated M for mature (or the equivalent rating in other countries around the world) and its main focus is slaughtering the undead in all manner of gruesome ways; should players really be so shocked and appalled at some bad language?

It’s strange how society can deem a few curse words here and there in a violent game as unreleasable; yet is fine with a game with masses of gore and blood, an almost endless supply of weapons, and decapitating and maiming wave after wave of zombies in all manner of gruesome ways. It seems odd that physical violence is celebrated while verbal violence is considered so concerning – especially for a video game that is aimed solely at an adult audience.

Dead Rising 2: Case Zero is scheduled to be released in the US in September.

Source: reuters.com

Following up from a previous post about Microsoft’s decision not to include ASL-enabled technology in their new Kinect product, UW researchers are trying to find a way to allow ASL over video calls on current 3G mobile technology.

The issue is that 3G networks are not sufficiently fast enough to broadcast uncompressed video, so the quality is generally not good enough to be able to understand sign language over a standard video call. The new 4G networks that are starting to crop up around the country will aid in this dilemma; but not everyone will immediately have access to the newer networks when they arrive.

However, by concentrating the image quality over the face and hands portion of the video, researchers have been able to develop an effective avenue for ASL communication over older cellphones on current 3G networks. The technology (known as MobileASL) is currently being tested by ASL speakers at the university – over 200 calls were made, averaging around 60 seconds apiece – and the results have been “generally positive”.

Apple’s recent FaceTime video call integration into the new iPhone handset – not a new concept, by any means, but the first time it has been brought to the masses – still is not sufficiently clear enough to allow ASL over the phone. However, MobileASL betters it in this regard, and uses only one tenth of the bandwidth used by FaceTime.

A larger field study will be performed in the winter, so stay tuned to this interesting development for deaf cellphone users!

Source: thesmokinggun.com

I’m not the hippest cat on the street, but this news certainly surprised me. Usually Ebonics is generally classified as a non-standard (or bastardized) form of the language rather than a bona fide dialect, the DEA is actively seeking Ebonics experts to help translate wiretaps and decipher bugged phonecalls. From the original article:

The DEA’s need for full-time linguists specializing in Ebonics is detailed in bid documents related to the agency’s mid-May issuance of a request for proposal (RFP) covering the provision of as many as 2100 linguists for the drug agency’s various field offices. Answers to the proposal were due from contractors on July 29.

In contract documents, which are excerpted here, Ebonics is listed among 114 languages for which prospective contractors must be able to provide linguists. The 114 languages are divided between “common languages” and “exotic languages.” Ebonics is listed as a “common language” spoken solely in the United States.

They are also seeking expert speakers of many other languages, including Spanish, Vietnamese, Korean, Farsi and Jamaican patois – but it is interesting to note that ebonics is among the listed languages.

Die hard linguists are reacting in a strange way, fighting against the DEA’s apparent ‘upgrading’ of Ebonics to a fully fledged dialect, but of course the DEA is not trying to classify this distinction – they are simply in need of translators!

In my limited experience of Ebonics, I’ve found that it varies greatly and seems to be mostly used as a catch-all term for African American non-standard English. Surely the DEA’s targets – that is to say, drug dealers – would be better understood by a former dealer, rather than someone who is simply well-versed in Ebonics?

Source: news.discovery.com

I recently read this fascinating article about orangutans in the Borneo rainforest communicating with humans and other apes using mime – an artform rather more associated with third-rate street performers.

“Of course what orangutans do isn’t up to Marcel Marceau, but they can certainly fake their own bodily signals, the essence of pantomime, and that opens up a much richer world of communication than we have believed possible,” added Russon, a Glendon College professor of psychology.

Russon and colleague Kristin Andrews identified pantomime cases by mining 20 years of text and video data from observational studies conducted on orangutans.

“Pantomime, like language, can be used to declare, lie, request, reminisce, tell stories, teach, explain and more,” Andrews told Discovery News. “We saw cases of pantomime used to request and to deceive, which are typical examples of great ape communication but, interestingly, we also report one case of pantomime used to tell a story, to reminisce and to make a statement.”

They not only use mime to communicate with others – for example the orangutan who would chop at coconuts with a stick in the same way that humans open them with machetes, in order to communicate that she wanted somebody to cut open her coconut for her – but have even reached the stage where mimicking human behavior can teach them valuable skills:

[...] an older orangutan female named Kikan reenacted how a human worker helped to heal Kikan’s wounded foot. Beforehand, the person noticed that Kikan had accidentally pierced the sole of her foot with a small stone, so the worker used a pencil to pick the stone out and then dripped latex from the stem of a fig leaf into the wound. Such latex is locally known to help dry wounds.

Kikan watched all of this intently and resumed playing when the treatment finished.

Over a week later, Kikan hugged the human healer’s leg. The worker was busy observing another orangutan and didn’t pay much attention. Kikan returned with a leaf and completely reenacted the leaf treatment that had been given to her foot. Three months later, Kikan held up her now-healed foot to the person.

Orangutans are apparently not alone in this habit: bonobos, chimpanzees and gorillas have also been known to communicate in this charades-style fashion.

Which leads me to my next question: how long before they band together and overthrow the humans?

Source: slashgear.com

A while back, Microsoft announced that they were hopeful their new Kinect – a new cordless and controllerless motion sensor add-on for their Xbox 360 line of games consoles – would be shipping with full ASL functionality, enabling deaf people to be able to interact with one another through their consoles. Of course, its primary use will be to use with games, but it still would have been an interesting first for a games console.

However, to keep manufacturing costs down while maintaining a reasonably price tag for the finished product, Microsoft have chosen to downgrade the video hardware inside the Kinect from a 640×480 pixel camera (which would be capable of recognizing the movements of individual fingers, which is key in understanding ASL) to a 320×240 pixel webcam, which sadly isn’t up to the job.

From the article:

Unfortunately, in trying to cut costs, hit a $150 street price and still maintain a decent profit margin, Microsoft supposedly opted to use cheaper, less capable cameras, which can only recognize limbs. They also offloaded some of Kinect’s processing from the camera-bar itself to the Xbox 360 console itself. Microsoft hasn’t confirmed this is all true, but if so it suggests the first-gen hardware will never be able to support ASL.

A shame for all deaf gamers out there, but Microsoft have yet to convince me that the Kinect – along with most of the other motion sensor add-ons for consoles – is much more than a fad, just as 3D is at the movie theatres…

As you may have noticed, I am pretty passionate about languages in general, and over the years have heard many misconceptions thrown around the place when the topic has come up in discussion. Here are three interesting linguistic myths, and why I (and many others) believe them to be myths…

1. The Eskimo language has a hundred words for snow.
You’ve probably heard this one, and you probably believed it the first time you heard it. I know I did. It’s a very old misconception, and has even been mentioned in several text books by academics who should perhaps have known better.

The truth of the matter is, just because snow is a central part of Eskimo life, they only have around 25 words for snow, and most of those are either compound words including the Eskimo word for snow, or descriptive words. If you think of the number of words in English containing the root ‘snow’ (e.g. snowstorm, snowbound, snowshoes etc.) as well as all our many descriptive words (e.g. blizzard, powder, slush etc.), we have far more words for snow than the Eskimos do.

2. Americans are ruining the English language.
Ask any Brit and they’ll tell you how Americans are butchering the Queen’s English. From the vocabulary we use, to our accents, to dropping the ‘u’ in color, to spelling words ending in -ize instead of -ise – the overall impression you’ll get is that we’re “doing it wrong”.

Well, next time a British person berates you for single-handedly ruining the English language, you might want to let them know that modern British English is just as different from Colonial English (the English everyone was speaking when Great Britain owned a quarter of the world’s landmass) as American English is. To take it one step further, American English is in many ways closer to Colonial English and its roots: color is actually from the Latin word, uh, color. Who knows why Brits added the u between the second o and the r in the first place?

Despite our thoroughly out of date British English stereotypes (e.g. “jolly good old chap”, “cor blimey guv’nor”, etc.), thanks to the ubiquity of Hollywood movies and popular TV shows like Friends, British people are far more aware of American neologisms than we are of theirs – so it’s only natural for the differences in the English variants to be more visible to Brits.

3. Children can learn a new language easily, adults cannot.
Well, this one at least has a basis in truth. The brains of children are like sponges, soaking up new information and thirsting for more. However, that doesn’t mean that they are innately better at learning a new language.

To fully explain this would take a post a lot longer than this one, but one of the main reasons that children appear to pick up new languages faster is that of immersion: they spend most of their childhoods learning their native language, and studying at school. If an adult was able to spend the same number of hours as a child learning a language, it’s likely that they would advance far faster. Unfortunately, most adults are not in the position where they can dedicate quite so much time to their language studies.

Also, an adult’s mindset when learning a new language is often that of learning a different ‘way’ of expressing their native language. If you’re English and you’re learning French, many adults unconsciously see French as a different way of expressing English, rather than treating it as a brand new, separate language. Children are much better at immersing themselves and accepting reality for what it is, whereas adults are more likely to question what they’re told, as well as relate everything to their own experiences.

Adults are far better at learning to read and write than children – the average adult can learn a brand new alphabet in about a week, and be reading it at a fairly decent speed within a month or two. Most children take a significantly longer time to gain these skills.

So there we go – 3 myths about languages, busted wide open for all to see.

Source: Associated Press

A recent Associated Press-Univision poll shows that for Latino students in American schools, sometimes the English immersion can do more harm than good. While the children’s English thrives under the immersion conditions of US schools, many find that their Spanish-speaking parents are unable to help them with homework, as well as communicate effectively with the school faculty on the kids’ behalf.

From the article:

The poll says just 20 percent of mainly Spanish-speaking parents say they are able to communicate “extremely well” with their child’s school, compared with 35 percent of Hispanics who speak English fluently.

About 42 percent of the Spanish speakers say it’s easy for them to help with their children’s schoolwork, compared with 59 percent of Hispanics who mostly speak English.

Given the results of this survey, it is perhaps less surprising that Hispanic children are nearly three times as likely to drop out of school. This seemed a pretty relevant topic given the recent state law controversy in Arizona!

You may not be aware already, but we have our own Language Trainers account on Twitter, which updates every time a new blog entry is posted here.

However, recently we’ve decided to start running a “Word of the Day” tweet. Every weekday we are posting a word and its definition, so if you follow us you’ll be able to expand your English vocabulary with ease (as well as be the first to know when the blog is updated!).

So, if you’d like to subscribe to our Twitter feed, simply visit our page while logged in to your Twitter account, and click the “Follow” link!

Source: telegraph.co.uk

An interesting story from a newspaper across the Atlantic Ocean – the British government’s communication chief, Jean Gross, has warned against parents using in-car TVs, but not over concerns for safety. Instead, she fears that children would not be using the time to learn new vocabulary from interacting with their parents on the road, and playing spotting games in the car like “I Spy” – all of which means that parents aiming to keep the kids quiet during long car journeys could be doing just that, and having an adverse effect on their speech development.

From the article:

[Gross] said that long car journeys were opportunities to “double their vocabulary” and warned that children of wealthy families were most at risk because they were likely to have the latest technology.

“I remember [when my children were little] we did spotting games in the car, but with the Nintendo DS and other hand-held video games it’s going to be more affluent parents whose children have problems learning to speak, not just those from poorer homes who have less exposure to a wide range of language,” Mrs Gross told The Times.

Personally I feel like this is going a little over the top, but I do see where the concern is coming from. Children absorb new information so easily during formative years that it is a shame to waste hours of possible interaction during a journey where their changing surroundings are almost guaranteed to show them something new.

However, surely a compromise would be to let the children watch the TV in the car, but give them Sesame Street to watch?